Discovery Princess

Discovery Princess is the third ship designed in Princess MedallionClass®, the last of the royal class. Enjoy a 27 0-degree view from the largest sea balcony, relax with a sanctuary, and fill the five senses with a worl d-class dining by a Michelin star and famous chef. In addition, the Princess Live Entertainment provides a magnificent new work that can only be viewed in the latest Princess Theater. A true vacation starts with a meda l-o n-class personal service!

Number of visitors 3. 660 crew members 1. 346 Number of events Detailed Event Details Number of events Details

Energy Cruise: March 27, 2022

Vioter: Randy Fenori, Alex Guarnasheri, Adam Savage, Page Turner

Guest cabin: 1.

Number of decks: 19

Number of capacity: 145. 000

Total length: 1. 083 feet

Height: 217 feet 6 ¼ inch

Events less than more events 01/06

Your holida y-easy. Personalize.

The Cruise of the Princess Medalion Class® introduced the nex t-generation technology on all passenger ships. Enjoy high-speed, reliable Wi-Fi, activities that you can actually experience, meals and drinks.

Hospitality

From the moment you step into the ship, we would like you to welcome customers and relax like your home. The Princess® boat is a relaxed space like a home like a home, with a detailed service with a friendly crew who knows the heart of hospitality.

Photos, floor plans, amenities, and furniture products represent general arrangements, and may vary depending on the ship and rooms.

1. Sky Suite
2. Suite
3. Reserve collection
4. Mini tower
5. Luxury Levercony
6. balcony
7. Premium Ocean View
8. interior
9. Wheelchair support

1. photograph
2. chart

Best service and biggest balcony

An experience that cannot be said in the word luxury. The fulfilling amenity, the fine service, and the dedicated Suite Experience Manager who fulfills all the customer's wishes is just the beginning. The Sky Suite, which spreads to the height of the ship, can stay up to 5 people and enjoy a 27 0-degree panoramic view. With a 1, 00 0-squar e-square fit, which boasts the largest size on the ship, you can enjoy a relaxing time, catering and celebration.

Watch the Sky Sweet video Princess Cruise Sky Suite Turn off the voice guide about the Sky Suite of Princess Cruise Enable audio guide for Princess Cruises Sky Suite Reveal

The main photo above is the private balcony.

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All the amenities of a spacious Reserve Collection Mini-Suite:

• Balcony*, approximately 1. 873 square feet
• Pre-cruise concierge service
• Curbside experience in a 1, 873 square foot suite
• A Suite Experience Manager to assist with all your needs
• Reserved seating at Princess Theatre
• Complimentary access to The Enclave
• Reservations for Princess Cays Bungalows~
• Premium Champagne upon arrival
• 2 full bottles of bar and mixer set
• Complimentary Princess Fine Wine Tasting
• Private Concierge Shopping
• Private stargazing movie night on your balcony
• Luxurious balcony furniture including a 4-person dining table on your private patio, large recliner, lounge chairs, and an outdoor bar with a mini fridge and TV
• Sitting area with a 4-person sofa, side table, armchairs, coffee table, and 4-person dining table
• 3-seater floor-to-ceiling windows 1 sliding glass door
• Master bedroom with luxurious princess bed
• Master bathroom with bathtub and separate rain shower
• Spacious wardrobe, vanity/office in master bedroom
• Second bedroom with luxurious princess bed (queen or twin bed), armchair and ottoman
• Spacious wardrobe, vanity/cabinet in second bedroom
• Bathroom with shower in second bedroom
• Full-length mirror
• Luxurious linens in bedroom and bathroom
• Bathrobe and slippers
• Premium amenities
• 2 refrigerators (one in minibar in living room and one on balcony)
• 4 flat screen TVs
• Portable hair dryer
• Nespresso machine
• *Port-facing Sky Suite 1. 808 sq. m with balcony ▲3/4/5 bunk beds
• Available on trips to Princess Cays.

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All the amenities of a spacious Reserve Collection Mini-Suite:

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All the amenities of a spacious Reserve Collection Mini-Suite:

• Two sliding doors from the floor to the ceiling
• Independent living room with sofa beds, chairs, and two tables
• Free minibar and free bottle water (every day)
• Spacious cupboard
• Free laundry and professional cleaning services
• On the evening of the boarding day, we will prepare a free special dinner.
• Specialist priority guidance and pier priority reservation
• Priority and lower ships on the tender port
• Queen bed or twin bed
• refrigerator
• Two flat screen TVs
• Exclusive bathroom with independent shower with bathtub
• 100%cotton luxury linen
• 2 4-hour room service
• Desk with chair
• Hair dryer and bathroom amenity
• Digital security
• You can use the third position in some cabins. Applies to cruises of 6 days or more. Reservations will be accepted after boarding. From the Princess Cruise app "Oceannow®", we accept room service delivery and order regardless of day and night. Customers who use the latest Princess Plus and Princess Premier packages can use Oceannow® and room service delivery for free. Other than that, the delivery of Ocean Nau® is applied to the $ 14, 9 9-only dollar per person per person, and the 5-US room service fee will be applied for every time you order Stateroom by phone. 。 Restrictions, restrictions, and conditions apply. Customers who use full staff can use a free minibar, but do not have a 750ml wine bottle.
• RF Wireless Reference Guide

In the documentation set of this product, I try to use unbalanced languages. In this documentation set, a prejudice language defines a language without discrimination based on age, disability, gender, racial identity, ethnic identity, sexual orientation, social economic status, intersection. The exception in the document may exist in the language used by the language used based on the language of the software user interface, the language used based on the RFP document, or the language used by the referenced thir d-party products. Click here for how Cisco uses inclusive expressions.

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Update: April 18, 2024

table of contents executive summary

Understand the history of Wi-Fi: IEEE and Wi-Fi Alliance

• Outline of RF frequency band
• Wi-Fi radio band and frequency used
• Outline of Wi-Fi 2. 4GHz
• 5GHz band: 5. 150-5. 925GHz
• Overview of Wi-Fi 5GHz
• 6GHz band: 5. 925-7. 125GHz
• Outline of Wi-Fi 6GHz
• Overview of basic RF
• Consideration for the development of the 6GHz band
• Wi-Fi 6E low power consumption
• Requirements for lo w-power use
• Cisco and MERAKI access points that operate in low power mode
• Standard Wi-Fi 6E power
• Additional requirements for standard power use
• Updated standard power of Cisco and MERAKI from February 2024
• Access points for Cisco and MERAKI running in standard power mode
• Other considerations related to Wi-Fi 6E
• About Wi-Fi 6e Customers
• Solving antenna multi-pass distortion (from Wi-Fi 4 to 6E)
• Overview of MIMO, multi-pass, Mu-MIMO
• Understanding external antennas and internal antennas over Wi-Fi 3
• Interesting facts about antennas
• The characteristics and rating of the antenna
• Antenna type
• Unsuiral antenna
• Oriented antenna
• Type of RF wiring
• Type of RF connector
• About sel f-identification antenna
• Catalyst 9130AXE sel f-identification antenna
• Cisco Catalyst 9130AXE
  • Catalyst configuration
  • Enterprise Melaki
  • This book is an RF reference design guide and provides the latest overview of Cisco® and MERAKI® products and technology. It mainly focuses on the hardware and RF technology that operates with Wi-Fi 6 and 6E standards, but some other aspects, such as the self-assertion (smart) antenna and the different aspects of different access points and models. It also covers the RF components and technology. This guide is added to many WLAN introduction guides that have already been posted.
  • At the end of this guide, there are lists of introductory guides and other useful resources.

  RF functions of each access point (channel splicing, data rate, multiple spatial streams, maximum link rates, frequency used, etc.). Each access point

  After eight generations of 802. 11a, B, G, N, AC, AX, and the current 802. 11BE and 802. 11, Wi-Fi Alliance (non-profit organization) owns a Wi-Fi brand and among different manufacturers. He is responsible for authenticating interoperability. As in the 3G, 4G, and 5G approach of mobile phones, Wi-Fi Alliance is now called Wi-Fi 6E from Wi-Fi 0, and future generations, 7, 8, 9, etc. I am. The figure below shows the evolution of Wi-Fi.

  Figure 1. Evolution of Wi-Fi for more than 20 years

  For overview of various IEEE standards, "The Evolution of Wi-Fi-Fi-Fi" See "and Standards".

  Interestingly, in the figure above, 802. 11a was announced in 2004, which was a standard announced at the same time as 11b, and was late.

  Maximum connection speed (Mbps)

  Wireless frequency (GHz)

  * Wi-Fi 0, 1, 2, 3 are retractive inference. [4] [5] [6]

  For an overview of the Wi-Fi Alliance, see the "WHO I WE ARE" page of https: // www. Wi-fi. Org/Who-We-ARE.

  For an interesting perspective on Wi-Fi construction, see the video below:

  In many places around the world, including the United States, the operation of the Wi-Fi device is allowed by three central frequency permeates (wireless bandwidth). These bands are called 2, 4, 5, 6GHz band. Access points support at least 2, 4GHz, depending on the model, and most of the models support both 2, 4GHz and 5GHz. Among new and powerful access points such as Cisco Catalyst ™ 9162, 9164, and 9166, in addition to 2, 4, and 5 GHz, the newly available 6 GHz band (sometimes called 6E). Some are also supported.

  See the following URL for an overview of Cisco Catalyst wireless products: https: // www. Cisco. Com/c/ja/us/produsts/Wireless/Product-Listing. Html. Html.

  For an overview of the Cisco Meraki product, see MERAKI product catalog https: // MERAKI. CISCO. COM/Product-Catalog/Wi-Fi/.

  Step 1. 2, 4 GHz Band: 2, 400-2, 472 GHz

  Figure 2. 2, 4 GHz: The channel is 20 MHz width and only 3 channels that do not overlap..

  The 2. 4GHz band consists of a frequency of 2400MHz to 2483MHz, and can use 83MHz frequencies in most areas in the world. The width of these channels is 20 MHz, and it is possible to change the link (to get a higher performance by combining two or more channels), but because the spectrum (corresponding channel) is limited, the corporate network. So it is not recommended and is not usually supported.

  The 2. 4GHz channel frequency plan contains 14 channels, but only three that are highlighted in the figure, 1, 6, and 11 in the figure. Note that all other channels are duplicated or shared, and can be used as channels that do not interfere with only 1, 6, and 11 in the United States.

  In several regulatory areas, a fou r-channel plan is proposed. However, this plan comes out repeatedly without much detailed explanation of what will happen outside the channel boundary. In order to substantially function except for the lowest environment, this method requires more space between the channels. Also, most of the world agrees to 1, 6, and 11, assuming that most radios will be this channel pattern by default. In such a case, if you select 1, 5, 9, 13, you will interfere with at least one wireless device that uses the standard channel, most in most cases. This method is not recommended for this reason.

  Figure 3. You can use other channels, but 1, 6, 11 are the standards in the United States and many other regions.

  Many technologies other than Wi-Fi, including microwave ovens, baby monitors, game consoles, Bluetooth equipment, and cordless phones, use 2. 4GHz bands.

  These non-Wi-Fi devices can interfere with the Wi-Fi signal because they may interfere with Wi-Fi movements in the 2. 4GHz band. Does this mean that Wi-Fi cannot be deployed normally at 2. 4GHz? no. In many cases, the 2. 4GHz band is saved for "guest access", and most services are provided in the 5GHz band and 6GHz band.

  Tips 2, 4 Ghz effective strategies include reducing the following sel f-interference:

  Disable the 802. 11B (Wi-Fi1) data rate to reduce the cover / interference area, eliminate inefficient protocols so that the radio waves are not filled with low-speed performance.

  Since the data rates of 12 to 18 Mbps are used in hig h-density development, select relatively lo w-duty data rates to reduce the effective coverage and interference.

  Fig. 4. 5GHz (20MHz) The channel is not overlapped, and the related channels are not overlapped.

  It is interesting that the 5GHz channel does not overlap, but unlike the channel 1, 6, and 11 are 5MHz, and they are adjacent to interfere from the adjacent channel. In other words, you may receive interference from adjacent channels.

  The 802. 11 standard defines 23 20 MHz width channels in the 5 GHz spectrum. Each channel is divided into three Unlicened National Information Information (UNII) bands at 20 MHz intervals. The wireless device defined as 802. 11a/n/AC/AX can operate in these bands.

  In the United States, the use of the 5 GHz spectrum is defined by the permitted channel:

  UNII-1 (5. 150-5. 250GHz) includes channel 36, 40, 44, and 48.

  UNII-3 (5. 725-5. 825) includes channel 149, 153, 157, and 161.

  UNII-2 (5. 250-5. 350GHz and 5. 470-5. 725GHz) including channels 52, 56, 60, 64, 104, 108, 112, 112, 124, 13, 2, 124 (5. 250-5. 350GHz and 5. 470-5. 725GHz) are allowed in the United States. But it is shared with the radar system.

  Therefore, access points that operate on the UNII-2 channel must use dynamic frequency selection (DFS) to avoid interference with radar signals. If the access point detects a radar signal, you must immediately stop using the channel and randomly select a new channel. In the United States, even if the UNII-2 band is not used, 5GHz is suitable for high-density deployment because of the large number of channels that do not overlap.

  Due to the restrictions on frequency bands, 40 MHz channels are more frequently used because 40 MHz is a hig h-density deployment "sweet spot" that supports 7-channel design.

  Figure 5.

  Wi-Fi at 6GHz is called Wi-Fi 6E by Wi-Fi Alliance, and by introducing a completely new spectrum of 6GHz, the IEEE 802. 11AX protocol is raised to the following level. This new frequency band is much wider than the legacy band (2, 4GHz, 5GHz), and will be able to use the performance improvement of the wireless device introduced in Wi-Fi 6. This new frequency band is reserved for green fields (terms meaning fresh or new), which means that only Wi-Fi 6E (802. 11AX) users are supported in this band. In other words, the old generation Wi-Fi cannot be used in this band.

  Using 6GHz eliminates the performance requirements for backward compatibility that often experienced in the previous band. Furthermore, the width of the frequency band provided enables a wider 80MHz and 160MHz channel, dramatically improves the speed, and operates without the problem of the same channel interference facing the 2GHz, 4GHz, and 5GHz band. Provides enough space to do.

  With the introduction of Wi-Fi 6E, the spectrum was greatly expanded compared to 5GHz, especially 2, 4GHz. From 5925 MHz to 7125 MHz, there are currently 59 20 MHz channels, 29 40 MHz channels, 14 80 MHz channels, and seven 160 MHz channels.

  See the following URL for frequency regulations and deployment options in the 6GHz band.

  Some of these materials are featured in this document.

  Tips 6 If you are not ready to introduce GHz, or if you are not allowed in your area, Cisco Catalyst 9166i (conventional no n-oriented) or 9166D1, which has a buil t-in directional antenna, XOR dual 5. There is an access point that enables GHz operation.

  Tips 6 In the case of a country where the GHz spectrum cannot be fully used and only supports the lower 500 MHz, it is the best channel plan to use a 40 MHz channel like 5 GHz.

  Figure 6: Cisco Catalyst 9166i and 9166D1 support 5+5 GHz or 5+6 GHz.

  Unlike telephone, Wi-Fi is half dual (after listening). Low-speed protocols such as Wi-Fi 0 take more "air time" and reduce the speed of the entire network (it is recommended to disable the low-speed 802. 11B data rates).

  2, 4 GHz has a restriction on bandwidth, and there are only three duplicate channels.

  5GHz is ideal for faster Wi-Fi network 4 or more (currently the most popular).

  6GHz is a new frequency band (exceeding 2GHz, 4GHz, 5GHz), but only Wi-Fi 6E devices can use this frequency band.

  The higher the frequency, the shorter the radio wave (this usually requires more energy to move the same distance). Therefore, 2, 4 GHz reaches farther than 5 GHz (5 and 6 GHz is the same).

  The power of the transmission signal is measured by Decibel Milliwatts (DBM).

  Antenna gain determines how electricity is radiated. Low gain antennas are usually as no n-oriented as lamps without lamp shade (360 degrees). The highly gained antenna does not increase the power, but concentrates the power in a certain direction. Hig h-interest is flattened by a signal like a pancake, and the directivity focuses on the power in a certain direction.

  Furthermore, the weaker the signal goes far, the weaker. 2 and 4GHz reach farther because the radio waves have a larger radio wave (physically large radio waves) and less power required to move the same distance than 5, 6GHz.

  Access points will be installed within walking distance of the user. Like a reading light, the access point is best in the near field.

  Wi-Fi can pass through objects, but the signal is significantly damaged (the decay unit is DB). Using a hig h-yo antenna can solve this problem.

  When the Wi-Fi signal passes through the object, a signal loss (attenuation) occurs. Some objects have a large loss. A typical object is a brick wall (10 dB attenuation). Concrete (12 DB) with many metals, dry walls (usually 3 DB). The amount of attenuation depends on the metal, moisture, thickness, and conductivity.

  Each access point creates a wireless cell. The cell overlaps slightly so that it does not become the same channel if possible. In the case of 2, 4 GHz, the channel is only 1, 6, 11. In other bands, there are many channels that do not overlap to form appropriate channel patterns.

  When measuring with a receiver, signal strength is represented by negative DBM numbers. -66DBM is often used as a standard value for customer cella chara surveys. Note: -67 was used for a while. However, for new Cisco IOS® devices and new Wi-Fi phones, -66 DBM is a better number.

  Radio waves often reflect objects. This is called mult i-pass. Usually, when the signal bounce, it reaches access points or customer antennas twice. These signals can add, subtract, or distort signals. This is very bad when using Wi-Fi 0 to 3. Wi-Fi 4 or higher uses multi-antenna and orthogonal frequency division multiplex (OFDM) modulation to overcome some more problems with multi-passes.

  Channel spracing is to use multiple channels to achieve further performance.

  The 5GHz (according to the rules of the US Federal Communications Committee [FCC]), the same power is distributed into two channels, and the channel signal decreases by 3 dB. 6 GHz (low power) increases power when the channel is binded. This is why the 20MHz 5GHz band is like a 6GHz band of 40MHz. The opposite is the opposite in other countries, such as the UK.

  The amount of information transmitted by wireless is determined by the bandwidth, stream number, data rate, broadcast time, and of course, the type of complex modulation used.

  Site survey is to physically test the cover area of ​​the WLAN cell.

  WLAN cells can be modeled with software using thir d-party tools such as EKAHAU, HAMINA, and IB Wave.

  The 6GHz band (in the case of the United States) can use all bandwidth (if it is low power), but may be limited to 500MHz in other areas in the world. In the United States, when using standard power, frequency tuning is required and frequency restrictions are limited, but this guide is covered.

  In the next Wi-Fi 7, you may hear the word Multi-Link Operation (MLO).

  With Wi-Fi 4 or higher, access points have multiple wireless/ antennas in each zone. 4x4 or 3x3 means the number of wandered radio. When displayed as 4x4: 3, there are four wireless bands in the band where three space streams are possible.

  In other words, in the case of 4x4: 3, there are four wireless aircraft at the access point, but only three other signals. In this case, the fourth radio increases three signals.

  Tips There may be confusion when discussing the number of wireless stations and the number of spatial streams. Technically, when discussing the number of wireless stations at each access point, radio is often defined as a "slot" in software. For example, the Catalyst 9120 has one 2, 4GHz radio (slot 0) and 5GHz radio (slot 1). Therefore, there are two service radio. 3x4: 3 Radio is a radio that supports a total of three spatial streams with three TX chains and four RX chains. It is easy to be confused about it is considered to be multiple wireless aircraft (radio that supports multiple TX and RX chains is a radio with multiple internal radio that supports those chains. Because there is). Therefore, each TX/RX chain is technically one radio, but is defined as one "wireless slot" in software.

  Although the actual frequency (6GHz) is not much different from 5GHz, there is a major difference in how to assign RF transmission power and external antennas and external installation.

  Figure 7. different RF power depending on the application

  Currently, most access points are operated in the 6GHz band called low power. This works well in the access points used for indoor installation, and can use the frequency of the entire bandwidth without the spectrum restrictions or automatic frequency adjustment (AFC) that will be described in detail later.

  Figure 8. Frequency division to define indoor and outdoor low power

  The main advantage of low power mode is that the entire 1. 2GHz bandwidth from UNII-5 to UNII-8 can be used. This enables a wider channel and can use seven 160 MHz channels in duplicate modes. Why is 160 MHz considered for mult i-center development? First, the output power defined as DBM (DBM/MHz) per MHz can maintain the same system gain regardless of the bandwidth. This does not apply to the 5GHz band. Second, all 6GHz clients support orthogonal frequency split multiple access (OFDMA). OFDMA basically uses the concept of "resource assignment" that divides the channel small. Therefore, a small packet can be efficiently focused on a wide spectrum. Furthermore, since there is no AFC requirement in low power mode, the deployment model is simplified.

  It must be installed indoors (access points cannot be "stocked").

  The antenna must be permanently connected.

  It must not be battery powered.

  It must use a mismatch-based protocol.

  The maximum equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP) is 5 dBm/MHz.

  The maximum client power is 6 dB lower than the maximum power of the access point, as required at standard power.

  As at standard power, the mesh/extension device can operate under the same conditions as the access point.

  The FCC regulations restrict the operation of this device to indoor use only.

  The defining condition for low power operation is a constant power spectral density (PSD) of 5 dBm/MHz. The maximum power level for the selected bandwidth can be calculated as 5(dBm/MHz) + 10log (B(MHz)). This means that the allowable EIRP ranges from 18 to 27 dBm depending on the bandwidth (20 MHz to 160 MHz). When using higher bandwidths, the allowable transmit power is very similar to the maximum transmit power in the 5 GHz band.

  Key takeaway: 6 GHz access point radios can dramatically increase capacity while providing similar coverage to 5 GHz cells, and can replace 5 GHz cells on a one-to-one basis. Typical access point deployment densities are typically 1000-1500 square feet. 1000 square feet = 1 access point every 36 feet (11 meters), 1200 square feet = 1 access point every 40 feet (12 meters), 1500 square feet = 1 access point every 44 feet (13. 5 meters). Ideally, access points should be placed on different non-overlapping channels and not hear each other on the same channel abov e-82 dBm. Cisco Radio Resource Management (RRM) is commonly used to automate this method by dynamically allocating channels and bandwidth. Cisco Catalyst 9136 Series

  Cisco Meraki MR57

  Cisco Catalyst 9162I, 9164I, 9166I can operate in Meraki or EN mode.

  The above products have a buil t-in an uncommuncture antenna system. Usually, for customers who use external oriented antennas (because they are prohibited in low power mode), Cisco is Cisco Catalyst 9166D1 (9166 access points, but 6dbi's oriented antenna Array has been integrated). This not only satisfies the use case of most oriented antennas, but also meets low power requirements.

  Figure 9. Differences between Cisco Catalyst 9166i and 9166D1 models

  The standard output only works in the 6GHz band subset (UNII-5 and UNII-7 bands). The standard power works like the 5 GHz band FCC rules. Eirp is the amount of power sent from the device antenna. The most possible Eirp is 36 DBM in each band (6 GHz has a 23 DBM/MHz full PSD, and the power of the narrow band application is limited). However, using these high power levels in the 6GHz band (UNII-5 and UNII-7) requires governance to protect existing businesses (license band users). It should be noted that the standard power is optimized for 20MHz operation (without splicing) and slightly different from low power optimized for 80MHz ( 4-channel scenario).

  FCC has established a framework that can provide this governance as a service. This service determines the amount of EIRP that devices can be sent without license on a channel and whether the device can not be sent at all. This service is called automatic frequency adjustment (AFC). Efforts are continued to be defined between AFC systems and the interaction between AFC systems and devices. The current initiative has been developed mainly on the development of test cases of these systems and will be completed near the end of 2022. At the time of writing the manuscript (February 2024), FCC's approval of AFC will soon be obtained, and the approval in other countries is expected to continue.

  AFC (and aspects below) should be completely transparent for customers, and dialogue with customers is limited to enabling AFC with GPS positioning and software, but here is an overview of the mechanism.

  Unlike AFC in the CBRS (Citizen Broadband Radio Service) band, AFC in the 6GHz band does not police interference between new entrants. It only polices interference between newly added devices and incumbent devices.

  To do this, the location of the new device must be determined with 95% confidence of the reported accuracy. For example, if the reported accuracy is ±1cm, there would be low confidence that the device is within this limit. However, if the reported accuracy is +/- 1km, there would be very high confidence that the actual location is within this limit. This 95% accuracy limit is the location where the calculations are made to determine if there is interference.

  The calculations used to determine the power level to be used are based mainly on two factors. First, using industry propagation models and margins (such as internal/external losses and fading margins), the potential signal observed in the incumbent's space is calculated. Second, the signal level at the incumbent's receiver must be at least 6dB below the noise floor. This is a standard calculation used in RF measurements: adding a signal 6 dB lower than a signal will increase the total signal strength by 1 dB, resulting in a 1 dB decrease in sensitivity to the incumbent (taking into account in-band and adjacent channel interference). Depending on how far the new device is from the incumbent, different propagation models are used: near-field, clutter-based, over-the-horizon models, etc.).

  Standard power devices can be installed indoors or outdoors, and the antenna height must be displayed along with the location and the accuracy level mentioned above. The height above ground can be determined automatically or manually. Given the height, uncertainty limits and the appropriate propagation model, the maximum EIRP the device can be set to can be defined. A device can operate at a given frequency if it meets the "6 dB below floor noise" requirement of the incumbent system.

  The device must demonstrate that it operates below the power limit provided by the AFC system. In addition, the device must communicate with the AFC system at least every 24 hours to ensure that changes in the incumbent carrier's available power are reflected in the device's power level.

  Development can meet the required AFC conditions in several ways. A single outdoor access point with an indoor location information device (most often GPS) reports the location, altitude, and accuracy of the device. This is a simple example of the application. However, indoor sites often cannot place GPS on all access points and devices. In this case, you can use the proxy server. This proxy server mainly has two functions. First, we guarantee that AFC requires the power level allowed by access points. The second is to provide a position based on where the GPS antenna is in the access point. The position of the access point near the GPS position is called "Incerbency", and the accuracy is added to 95%of the fact that all access points are within this restriction. Masu.

  Therefore, it is necessary to consider where the antenna is located for the farthest access point. Installing an antenna at the corner of a rectangular building will be more accurate than installing it in the center of the building.

  The AFC system must provide a range of 3dB or less and 21 to 36dBM in the device under the control of the AFC system. In addition, AFC must be reflected within 24 hours after the present person reports that the installed site has been added.

  In addition to the AFC requirements, as described below, some other requirements are applied to typical power development.

  30 degrees Eirp on the horizon must be 21dbm or less.

  Detection is not allowed (this is an attempt to reduce neighboring messages).

  Hot spots are prohibited.

  Distribution of vehicles (including batter y-driven devices) is not allowed (excluding 10. 000 feet more than 10. 000 feet).

  All devices (or proxies) must display serial numbers and FCC IDs.

  A permanently fixed client device is registered in AFC and can send the same power level (under the same limit) as the standard access point (this is a permanently fixed work group bridge. Includes devices such as grid access points).

  Both standard power and low power customer devices have similar requirements. They only send them with the power of 6 dB below the maximum power of "permitted" to the "allowed". If the acupuncture sponet is transmitted below 6dB, depending on the maximum power, which is acceptable for the purpose of wireless resource management, etc. Ant can be transmitted by the same power. The purpose of this requirement is to limit the maximum distance that customers can send from access points, but most access points have at least four antennas for receiving mode, receiving gain for link balancing (effective effective. Remember that sensitivity) will increase 6 DB (10log (4)).

  On November 2, 2022, FCC announced the "conditional approval" of the AFC system. This does not mean that the operation of the AFC system is ready, but it gives a green signal to the open test to prove that each of the 13 AFC applicants complies with the FCC rules.

  Figure 10. Restrictions of standard output designed to protect the user (existing) license (existing)

  Table 2. Explorative use in the 6GHz band (Source: FCC DA 22-1146) < SPAN> Both standard power and low-power customer devices have similar requirements. They only send them with the power of 6 dB below the maximum power of "permitted" to the "allowed". If the acupuncture sponet is transmitted below 6dB, depending on the maximum power, which is acceptable for the purpose of wireless resource management, etc. Ant can be transmitted by the same power. The purpose of this requirement is to limit the maximum distance that customers can send from access points, but most access points have at least four antennas for receiving mode, receiving gain for link balancing (effective effective. Remember that sensitivity) will increase 6 DB (10log (4)).

  On November 2, 2022, FCC announced the "conditional approval" of the AFC system. This does not mean that the operation of the AFC system is ready, but it gives a green signal to the open test to prove that each of the 13 AFC applicants complies with the FCC rules.

  Figure 10. Restrictions of standard output designed to protect the user (existing) license (existing)

  Table 2. Explorative use in the 6GHz band (source: FCC DA 22-1146) There are similar requirements for both standard power and low power customer devices. They only send them with the power of 6 dB below the maximum power of "permitted" to the "allowed". If the acupuncture sponet is transmitted below 6dB, depending on the maximum power, which is acceptable for the purpose of wireless resource management, etc. Ant can be transmitted by the same power. The purpose of this requirement is to limit the maximum distance that customers can send from access points, but most access points have at least four antennas for receiving mode, receiving gain for link balancing (effective effective. Remember that sensitivity) will increase 6 DB (10log (4)).

  

  Elim Rim - Journalist, creative writer

  Last modified 20.02.2025

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