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Caesters Restaurant, Tiffana

Many people have often heard about the origin of the Caesar salad. Is it Caesar Cardini, his brother Alex Cardini, or an employee?

It depends on who you ask and where you live. Caesar Caldini said he had devised him in Tiffana's "Saess Place" until he died. And his brother Alex Cardini said at the first restaurant, Alex and Caesers, devised the salad and named it after Caesar, until he died. After many years of business together, the Cardini and his wife went on a separate path and became difficult to clarify. In his later years, Alex (although after the death of Caesar) has offered to make a $ 1, 000 reward if someone can prove his mistake. Caesar's daughter Rosa Cardini responded to the offer. Californians were on the side of Caesar, and Texas was a struggle to wash blood with the blood of Alex. I haven't heard what happened. In Tifuana's Caesters Restaurant, both Caesar and Alex were credit, but now Libio Santini is also credit.

1924, Tiwana regular business

According to tradition, Caesar invented a salad at Tiffana's shop on the weekend of the Independence Day in 1924. (July 4th was a hot Friday night, and it was the beginning of a big party on the weekend. There were rumors that the Mexican government would close all gambling and most businesses for the Mexico election that weekend. Not only Tifa was an exception, but in many states in the United States, which was infected with livestock. The sale of all kinds of products related to dried grass was banned, and even the travel between the state was banned, Tifuana guarantees the Tifuana who would be "open" as usual. It was out from the week).

Chef Julia Child visited Caesers at the age of 12 and wrote the memories of eating the salad from 1925 to 26. There is also a theory that it was invented in 1927. What about the truth?

Several modern interviews about Caesar and Alex Cardini have been announced, but most of the unique investigations are conducted by Terry Greenfield in 1994, and recently, except for a wonderful survey by Armand Avakian and Fernando Escoved. Not blessed. This article is an attempt to summarize the actual stories about their lives and restaurants. It is based on original materials, not based on the generally accepted myths and lon g-standing assumptions.

Some details and dates are still to be proven. This article is in progress and may be revised and updated in the future. Please contact us with any comments, corrections, or additional information. Revised June 4, 2024

July 4, 2024 marks the 100th anniversary of the creation of the Caesar salad, perhaps the most famous salad in modern history. Salu

Martin S. Lindsay San Diego, 2017

Caesters Restaurant, Tiffana

Caesars Restaurant (c1923- ✔ ) was a restaurant of Italian immigrant Cesare Cardini at the Hotel Caesar in Tijuana, and is now famous as a Prohibition-era landmark and the birthplace of the traditional Caesars salad.

Aberardo Cesare Cardini (1896-1956) was born in Baveno, Novara, Piedmont, Italy. They were Rosina, Nereo, Carlotta, Cesare, Gaudenzio and Alessandro. Rosina was born when her mother was only 18 years old. With Carlotta Lanza, he had two stepbrothers, Bonifacio and Aldo. Caesar's father was an ironworker, and Nereo and Gaudenzio were stonemasons.

The province of Baveno, where the Cardinis lived, is on the western shore of Lake Maggiore and is known for its luxury hotels and resorts, luxury sanatoriums and the famous rose granite quarries of Monte Camoschio. The mountainous province of Novale borders Switzerland, France and Lombardy. It was rich in game, fish, rice fields and vineyards.

Brothers Caesar, Nereo 'Nero' Cardini (1890-1953), Gaudenzio Cardini (1898-196?) and Alessandro 'Alex' Cardini (1899-1974) worked in hotels from an early age, training in Europe's busiest kitchens. Alex entered the restaurant business at age 10. They either worked in the tin toy factory of Cardini's relatives in neighboring Stresa.

Or served arsenic-laced awamori in Stresa's sanatorium.

Or risked silicosis ('mason's lung', often diagnosed as 'pulmonary tuberculosis') in the dusty granite quarries...

Cardini family home - Baveno on Lake Maggiore.

Lago Maggiore was known as the Italian Riviera.

The arsenic-laced waters of nearby Stresa were touted as having curative properties.

Allan Rhein's SS Corsica.

Windsor Hotel, Montreal

Before the summer hotel season of 1912 was in full swing, Caesar escaped that future. He and five other teenagers booked a contract voyage on the SS Corsica from Liverpool to Montreal.

Advertising pamphlet at Windsor Hotel in Montreal.

At that time, there were many ways to go to the Americas. One of them was paid seasonal immigration workers.

British ticket mediators often hired runners and solicited prospects in steam boats. Instead of booking seasonal workers, ticket agents get a brokerage commission from the hotel. Instead of making a reservation for seasonal workers, ticket agents were able to receive a recruitment fee from the hotel. The hotel paid for passengers travel expenses in exchange for contracted hard work. When the SS Corsican landed on June 9, 1912, there were more than 20 young people who had released the Alan Line Kisen company to Windsor Hotel in the Church City of the Church.

The Windsor Hotel was established in 1875 as a luxury tourist hotel in Dominion Square by William Nottman and Investor Consortium. Located beyond the border with Canada, it was targeted for travelers and tourists from the United States. The management was larg e-scale, requiring many employees to make things smooth. Windsor boasts six restaurants, including more than 750 guest rooms, two ball rooms, concert halls, grill rooms for men, ladies' cafes with dedicated entrance, roses (called from carpet and tension color). Ta. There was a wine room on the lower floor, and it was a male bar with a gorgeous arched ceiling. It is easy to imagine that a 1 7-yea r-old Caesar dreamed of having a luxurious restaurant, bar, and an entertainment resort hotel.

After six months of work at a hotel, Caesar returned to the triumphal. The $ 5 in his pocket increased to $ 80.

Windsor Hotel, Montreal, 1906. Photos, Maccode Museum, Montreal.

In 1916, the dining room of Windsor Hotel, Montreal, Quebec. Photos, Maccode Museum, Montreal.

Kitchen and staff, 1 /₂Sixth.

Chibori Bar & Grille is the oldest bar in San Diego, followed by Waterfront, which has the oldest liquor sales license in the town. The original wooden bar and backbar are still decorating this store.

In 1895, Chibori Saloon in San Diego, California. Photo, San Diego History Center.

Mount Row, California, Ye Alpine Taburn.

Ye Alpine Taburn

"To the clouds on the railway"

YE ALPINE TAVERN advertising pamphlet.

In the summer of 1910, Paul Maggjola lived at Mount Row Resort, north of Passadina, and was a bartender. The resort was quite popular, as a travel writer reported as "an elegant hostel in a place above the clouds." The resort was quite popular and was one of the most visually visible tourist attractions in the Los Angeles area.

The guests went to the summit on a steep Pacific Electric Railway, where there was a Y e-Alpine Tavan Hotel, a restaurant, and a rental cottage. Tavan was a Swis s-style lodge built on the base of granite, surrounded by pine, toe, and black oak trees. There was a dining room where 200 people could sit down, and it was a sta y-type place where you could enjoy the great view of the valley, hunting, hiking, tennis, and relaxation.

Maggjola accepted a powerful lifestyle like Teddy Roosevelt, and later incorporated the hulling lodge motif to the restaurant, and began to offer wild gibier, pheasant, duck and venity dishes. When he started his business with Alex Cardini, one of their classic was the wild duck, A La Press.

Currently, the only remaining resort is the foundation of a building that can be reached by hiking trail.

A cozy fireplace of Mount Row and Ye Alpine Taburn.

In 1917, Paul Maggjola came from the mountain to Benis of America, a cultural center of the Italian community in the Los Angeles. The area was created by Abbott Kinney, a reproduction of Italian Venice to the Canal. Maggjola worked as a bartender in Caesar Menotti at the Menotti buffet (now Town House Bar). After the ban on drinking, Menotti renovated the store into the Benis Grossary Store, but the bar was transferred to the basement. Delmonte bar, hotel, and other stores were supplied from Abbott Kinny Pier via Tunnel.

Abot Kinny Pier on Benis Beach.

Maggjola returned to San Diego and helped his family business. He failed in Menotti's business plan and was charged with San Diego stealing a 7 2-case whiskey. In 1921, Paul Maggjola was once arrested for selling whiskey at a San Diego soft drink stand. At the time of change ...

Alex Cardini

In 1921, Alex Caldini was released from the Italian Army's Depot Alt. Alex is a pilot who received the medal during World War I, and his adventure at the Italian Army Air Corps later attracted military customers to his restaurant. He named the aviators salad, respectively, to the Coronado Rockwell Field (now known as the North Island Navy Air Base).

The political situation in Italy has increased instability. After the riot, strike, and politics, the rise of violent nationalism by the organized fascist black shirt squad has reached the top in the elections of Roman and Benite Mussolini. Mussolini's fascist party ruled Italy.

Alex didn't need a fascist glue.

He saved money many times as a waiter for the RMS Olympics. Alex's boarding time ironically overlap with the Palace Hotel Caesar's boarding time ... The large cruise ship had a gorgeous dining room and palm coat restaurant.

RMS Olympics dining room

RMS Olympics Palm Court

By 1921, Nero's wife, Emma, fell ill as well as many other residents of Bar. For medical treatment, she traveled to Gibraltar, France and Switzerland with her daughter Elvina. No record after this day has not been found yet. Nero remained in the bar.

Tourists had to cross the Tif Ana River through an old and ragged bridge called La Marumba.

Tiff Ana, 1920-1933

The Bolsted method, a sublime experiment in the United States, was enacted, and alcohol manufacturing, buying and selling was crime. Italian wine producers in the United States were effectively closed when the ban on the ban was enacted. The vineyards, wineries, brewery, liquor stores, and bars in the United States have immediately closed. For the next 14 years, the vineyard was abandoned, and only a handful of grape fields produced sacred wine and continued to operate. Both the restaurant and the grape tree have died. One of the few experienced grapes, such as Marchetti, transported wine to the southern Baha, stored, and transported fermented grapes, and waited for that time.

But what about Tifuana? The business there was prosperous. If the entrepreneur could secure a place, there was a chance to make the most of the profit.

A sizable Italian group, including the Cardini Brothers, the Cardinale Brothers (Cardinale Beer), the Maggiora Family (Aloha Cafe, The Tivoli in San Diego), the Mirabile Brothers (Midnight Follies), and the Pastore Family (Baja Vineyards, Pastore's, Caesars in San Diego), flocked to Tijuana for unlimited business.

And millions of tourists followed, hoping to have a spectacular time at Satan's playground.

The horse racing season began on Thanksgiving 1921 and was expected to attract large crowds through the spring. Tijuana was the first in the country to modernize horse racing, with major changes including "the first electric starting gate, photo-finish cameras, Sunday races, big prizes up to $100, 000, race calling by public address system, and wetting of the racetrack with sprinkler cars."

Bullfighting was also popular. Bars, cantinas, restaurants, and brothels were all booming. But one December night, a third of Tijuana's business district burned down. Business owners began rebuilding the next day. New "amusement centers" sprang up overnight.

Tijuana was a booming city that rose again and again from the ashes, like a golden phoenix...

Tijuana after the December 1921 fire.

Alex and Paul, Johnny and Caesar

After landing in New York, Alex Cardini went to San Diego and met Caesar around 1922. In 1967, Alex said he and his brother Caesar started a small restaurant in Tijuana called Alex & Caesar's. It is unclear whether they worked together or opened their own restaurants at first. But newspaper ads from this era remain for separate establishments: Caesar's Place by Caesar Cardini, Fior d'Italia by Paul Maggiora, Alex Cardini's Alex Place (sometimes simply called Alex Cafe), and Alex Cardini and Johnny Montepagano's Alex John Bar. Too many cooks in the kitchen? What these short-lived partnerships had in common was the frequent Tijuana fires and the Cardini brothers.

Caesar's Place

Cardini's restaurant was known as the "Caesers Place" and was behind the foreign club of Kajehon Hon del Travioso ("Kojin no Koji"). Cardini and his brother Alex (partner at the time) have been running the restaurant around 1923. To believe in Caesar's theory, his salad was born here on the weekend of the Independence Day in July 1924. According to Caesar's theory, a late customer wants to eat, so he made a salad on the spot using the rest of the coslettas (Romaine lettuce) used for soup. Classic French cuisine has several cream soups that use lettuce. Anchovies are used for classic French cuisine recipes, Salad Nisoise. Heart of Romaine salad was also very popular until the 1950s. According to Alex's granddaughter Carla Caldini, the two brothers ran a competing restaurant in Tiffana, but because the Alex store was burnt down, they worked in Caesters, where this salad was "Aviator's Salad". It is said that it was introduced.

Livio Santini, 1906-1995, hired by Caesar, claims that the Cardini recipes were informed of their mother Beatrice's salad recipes. Santini was born in Doro, Northern Italy, and came to Mexico to work in a restaurant like Cardini and his wife. From 1923 to 1927, he may have worked at the first store in Caesar and Alex. Currently, Saeser's Restaurant is told that Santini was a chef of Caesar and invented the first aviators salad in 1924 (although Alex was a chef and partner at that time. ) Some say that Santini is placed in Hotel Caesar and the invention is around 1930. In any case, in 1928, Santini was listed as a partner in Tiffana's California Restaurant & Bar. By 1936, he had his first wife, Maria Marquez Santini and Santini Cafe. He also worked at Hotel del Coronado.

At this time, another northern Italian brothers, who worked together with Caesar and worked together, claimed that they spread Caesar Salads in New York and Los Angeles 20 years later in Peter's Peter's Peter 'Frigerio (1897-1971). Frigelio was a waiter at many restaurants until he became a captain at the Los Angeles chef, Henri Charpantier.

Later, Caesar moved to the second street and was excited by live music and entertainment until the Tiff Anna fire on September 22, 1926. His place was next to Montelay Bar and Hotel Americano. The hotel was initially planned in 1924 as a spectacular concrete and steel frame in 1924, by a Los Angeles syndicate, known as the American Hotel Company. At the end of the road that is diagonally entering Tif Ana, the developers planned the roof beer garden. It didn't go as planned. Perhaps the development company went bankrupt or the building had burned. In any case, a reduced version of the American Hotel has been built on the corner of the second streets and the B streets.

In 1924, sketched by architects at the site of the American hotel in Tiffana.

Looking east of Second Street, Caesters Place, Tiff Ana, next to Montelay Bar and American Hotel, around 1924-1927

Coincidentally, this period was also a time when the Italian marriage was getting married one after another. Caesar married in 1924. Alex Cardini, Paul Maggjola and Peter Frigerio were married in 1925.

Pianist Wilver Lee Stamp was born in the San Diego music family. He and his brothers were all performers. My sister Camille D. Stamp was a musician at a hig h-end department store in downtown. Wilver band, Stamps Five, played at the venue of San Diego and Tiffana. (Later in San Francisco, Wilbar will be known as the founder of the piano bar). Tifuana, which is lined with bars and casinos, was a very profitable market for musicians. Caesar met Camille somewhere. In 1924, they married in Santa Anana. In Tiwana, gambling, drinking and dancing were allowed, but also encouraged. At first he moved to San Diego and later to Chura Vista near the San Diego Country Club.

Through Caesar's career as a restaurant owner, Camille was involved in booking and running a restaurant for their music artists. The business in San Diego was her name because Caesar had not been naturalized as a US citizen. In fact, he was waiting for a naturalization application until 1948. Even if the business sense had a shortcoming, the height of 185 cm and the blue eyes had compensated by playing friendly hosts. Always perfect. It can meet any needs. And I always advertised my place and myself.

From 1925 to 26, Passadina's real estate investor John McWilliams Jr. visited Tifuana with his family and ate at Caesters Place. My parents have ordered salads, of course, "and their daughter reminiscent many years later in her cooking book," From Julia Child's Kitchen. " Caesar himself carried a large cart to the table and tossed the romaine lettuce in a large wooden bowl. However, only the eggs are clearly remembered. He can see two eggs on the romain and roll, and as the eggs flow, the green becomes creamy. Two eggs on the salad? 2 minutes of tarako eggs? And a garli c-flavored crton and grated parmesan cheese? It was a sensation of the salad from the coast to the coast ... "

When the radio station AMB Tiffana started broadcasting in September 1926, Caesar was the first person to participate in a 1 5-minute live broadcast from Caesters Place orchestra. Others include Victor de Lou's "Bix Place", Paul Della Maggjola's "Fior Dital", Detroit's Mafia, Anthony 'Daddy Tony' and Mirabile's "Midnight Follies". Ta. If you cross the border, hop, skip, and one step ...

Later, the fire was hit and everyone was forced to rebuild. Including radio stations that have just been established.

By 1927, Caesar helped develop a Domino hotel next to his former home in the second street of the second street, along with the developer Maximo Juseppi 'Max' Puzzo (1876-1929). Max was a famous construction company in the Tiff Ana / Mekari / Ensenada area. Puzzo died in February 1929, and Caesters Place prospered here until his dark clouds could be r e-entered in his future.

Looking west of the second street, the left is the Domino Hotel and Vix, the right is the Big Curio Store, Tif Ana, 1927

Hotel Comirsial and Fior Deterryer

Miguel Gonzales of COMPANIA COMERCIAL DE LA BAJA CALIFORNIA, SA ('Lower California Commercial Company') has built a hotel commercial in Ensenada. His fathe r-i n-law, San Diego's businessman George Ibsed, owned the land in the Tifuana business district. Through his company, Miguel runs a famil y-run hotel, Curiostore, and a bar (Mekari Brewing Company, La Valenna Longbar). His Big Curio Store, built in 1887, was the oldest building in downtown until it was burned.

Gonzales greatly referred to the success of the famous Italian restaurant in San Francisco, Fior Deterryer (Italian flower). For example, Carlo Pastore opened a restaurant with the same name in San Diego. Fior Dital Ensenada was run by Italian Salvad Carlotti and French Eugenio T. Fullble, but with two worse partnerships due to the duty of Tiffana's bar "Ben Har". Ended.

In 1926, Hotel Comircial, designed by Hanssen & Swearingen.

Gonzales lost a big culio store on September 22, 1926, and immediately plans to build a new hotel in the northwest corner of the second and main (now Benite Juares and Revolcion Odori). The hotel incorporated the Curiostore in the retail space of the street store. Hotel ComerCial was first proposed and designed by Hanssen and Swearingen Architects in San Diego. It was planned to have a thre e-story fir e-resistant structure with cement and brick. Eventually, only the bottom floors of their design were built as the Big Curio Store. This building still remains as HSBC Bank.

Miguel Gonzales's Large Curio Store, Tiff Ana, 1927

In January 1927, Miguel's wife, Iriza Ibus Gonzales, died of complications under surgery. He dedicated the hotel construction project to her memories. Early in the morning on July 29, 1927, a fire broke out in Tiff Ana, and many companies were destroyed in the land of Ibs-Gonzales.

The hotel project was ordered by San Diego architect Frank M. Stevenson (Hotel Komers Cermial, Colonial Hotel La Hoya). Stevenson had just completed the renovation of the on e-block destination Forlin Club. Hotel Comirsial was built on the southeast corner of the top floor of Hansen and Swearrygen's original design. He featured a bric k-structure similar to San Diego's new Pickwick Hotel (now Sophia). The story of a lively intersection

Gonzales wanted to open a restaurant on the first floor of a new commercial, like Ensenada stores. If possible, a tenant that is not killed is good. Paul Della Maggjola has moved Fior Ditalt to a new building and gained a lot of customers.

In 1928, a new hotel commercial on the corner of the Big Curio Store.

Paul and Alex store

Paul Maggjola, Tiff Ana, 1932

Alex Cardini, Tiff Ana, 1932

When Alex Caldini appeared as a partner for Paul Maggjola, they became famous. The guests linked this restaurant with a lively host and simply called "Paul & Alex Place".

The interior of the moody hunting lodge was designed by La Houzo's architect Edgar Vern Urrich (Casa de Manana Hotel of La Hoya). The restaurant was centered on large fireplaces and dance floors, like Maggjola's previously worked YE ALPINE TAVERN. Cuted wooden beams, dark wood bars, simple plaster walls. The arch and the booth had a Rombardy emblem. He served hig h-quality Piedo Mont e-style Italian food and wild givier cuisine. There was also a famous wine cellar, and it was so substantial that it brought tears like burns in the eyes of crusade soldiers. Jazz band live performance. Their shop was described as "the best among the many good restaurants in the town."

The writer Edson Wait visited, saying, "It's a fascinating place, comfortable, homely and beautiful. I don't know any other restaurants. "

Paul cooked his proud duck A-La Press and Crepe Szezette with a rolling cart. That was his way. He later runs a store called Paul's Duck Press in Los Angeles, where he brings the prey obtained by hunting to cook grande.

Alex, who has a wonderful singing voice, is written when Cardini is serving customers. "The famous opera Aria may sing" Vesti La Guibba "and" Ligoret "in" Priach "..."

Politicians, millionaire athletes, famous cowbar, old sherows, mining, mineral, oil, writer, Hollywood movie stars, opera singers, Broadway stage stars, laws, product trading, and manufacturing industry The people who did it. " It is no wonder that celebrities such as James Cagney, WC Fields, Clark Gable, and Rudolph Valentino gathered in Paul and Alex stores. A flyer Billy Mitchell. Dancer Eduardo and Rita Cansino (the latter will be reborn as Rita Haywater in just a few years). Alex promoted a boxing event, and Paul went to airplanes and sheep hunting in Wallace Billy and the Beau Mountains.

Paul (center left) and Alex (right) were lying on the bar with their friends (1934)

Charo Travadur (Mariacci) and jazz band offered entertainment every night. Pay attention to the rolling service cart on the left. Photo, San Diego History Center.

Hotel Caesters Place

Caesar, 37, was ready to open his hotel. Perhaps it was a dream since childhood in Canada. He has been involved in the customer service for more than 20 years. He knew the way ... "

A safe hotel with fire prevention equipment. It seems like Tiffana tourists can stay ignoring the border closure at 6:00 pm. There was a top restaurant like a Palace Hotel, with the best dishes, imported wine from home country, and entertainment. Caesar has begun a business with his past colleagues Joe Ferralis and the developer Clement Monaco.

Hotel Caesters Place, Tiffana, around 1931

Before being surrounded, the outdoor "Italian Patio" of Hotel Caesters Place, Tiff Ana, around 1931.

Home movie reflecting Caesters and foreign clubs (1933, Tiff Ana

Caesers was a continental Italian restaurant rather than Mexican. The Cardini brothers learned classic French cuisine in Europe and San Francisco, but their dishes were influenced by the Piedmont roots and traditional Mexico dishes. Alex has been cooking in Mexico for decades. A dish that likes strong flavor, garlic, cheese, spices, seafood, and wild prey. Their food was the original Bahamed.

Caesers Place, Tiffana, 1934

In June 1933, Alex Cardini left Paul and Alex's partnership to help expand the hotel Caesters Place. Paul Maggjola was not only a restaurant but also a hotel Komercial, and for a while it was known as a Fior Dital Hotel.

But by August, Maggjola handed out Fior Ditalaria to Miguel Gonzales, Meter de Hotel Jean Durt, and Chef Angelo Selena. He returned to Japan and launched Dyne Dance Night Club, a "Italian" cooking enthusiast, Genell Styliano and San Diego's plaza. She was reported as "San Diego's first female dining dance maestro ...".

By the 1940s, Paul Maggjola opened Paul's Duck Press in Olympic Bourvard in Los Angeles. As with the previous store, this new restaurant was also intended for wild Givier cuisine and Hollywood stars. The specialty of this restaurant was the wild duck, A La Press, but Romaine A La Paul (his version of Caesar salad), not to mention, the crab stuffed abalone, scallops and shrimp, deer. Other continental cuisine, such as pickled red wine and clam risotto, was also served. Eventually, he began to make the invention of this salad as his credit, like many people.

Paul's Duck press menu

Original Caesar Place

Before the opening of the 1935 California-Pacific International Exposition in San Diego (and it drew many tourists), Cardini broke with his partners in Hotel Caesars Place, Joe Ferraris and Clement Monaco. Cardini then, along with his brothers Alex, Nero and Gaudenzio, opened the "Original Caesars Place" down the street from the Hotel Comercial. They renovated the old Paul and Alex store, added murals by Mexican artists, and renamed the Comercial Hotel Caesars.

Saturday nights were made for matches. Saturday, October 27, 1934, was the official opening day of the Cardini brothers' hotel and restaurant, the Original Caesars Place, in the Hotel Comercial, as well as the official opening day of San Diego's Club Stygliano, run by Alex's former partner, Paul Maggiora.

There were two Caesars in Tijuana, but the Cardinis', next to Mexicali Beer's long bar La Balena, had a big welcome sign and was the first place tourists encountered. Caesar was known for its nightly floor shows, bringing all the artists and acts to new locations. The Fiesta Dining Room offered entertainment all night, a wine cellar, fine Italian and Mexican cuisine, duck a la presse, wild game dishes, and of course Caesar's tableside salads. The 75-cent lunch included wine; the $1 dinner included cocktails. Caesar's imported liquor made a killing in the gift shop. The nightly fiesta featured music by Otilio Rivera's dance band, coloratura soprano Armandita Quiro, Mexico City Opera tenor José de Arratia, baritone José Mercado, Carla Montell fire dancing, and classical dancers June Brooks and Pierre White. They performed Giuseppi Verdi's opera Rigoletto and charged $1 per person.

Caldini and others in the kitchen of Caesars' Original Place, Tijuana, 1934.

The Original Caesars' Place in the Hotel Comécial, Tijuana, before Cardini took over the entire building, 1934.

The interior of the "Original Caesars' Place" at the Hotel Comécial, Tijuana, 1935. Photo, San Diego History Center.

Original Caesar's Place bar, Hotel Comedic, Tijuana, 1935. Photo, San Diego History Center.

"The World's Longest Bar," Mexicali Beer Hall, Tijuana.

Cesar Cardini, 1950s

For 12 years, Caesar and Alex have provided flashy catering for Hollywood royalty, sports stars, mafia and politicians. In August 1933, the friendship with President Mexico Aberald Rodriguez was able to receive an unprecedented offer.

Alex met Rodriguez and visited a newly built health resort. He undertook this job, returned to San Diego, arranged furniture and decorations to the hotel, and opened a sales promotion office.

Alex boasts in the newspaper, saying Tewakan is dignified. It was developed personally by President Rodriguez, and believes that this 1 7-mile square and view of paradise is comparable to the world. Water, which has a healing effect, passes through caves and caves, and flows to areas with plenty of hunting and fish. Houses, pools, 9 holes golf courses, and modern bungalows structural decorations are just waiting for furniture and curtains to be installed. I'm going to return to Tewakan immediately, leaving Tif Ana's hotel and my brother Caesar, the head of the cafe, what I left here. "

Dining room of Mexico, Tewakan, Hotel Garci Crespo.

In 1935, Alex began to work with Caesar, Nero and Gaudenzio in Tiffana. However, the reunion was a bunch. Probably due to Tewakan's project, the brothers were friends. Alex has left his partnership for this new business and has stayed there for 14 years.

The Tifuana tourism has suddenly stopped, as the Mexican government illegal gambling, the prohibition law ended, and the new horse racing was legalized in the United States. By 1936, Caesar stopped his business in Tiff Ana and naturally thought about Hollywood as the next business. But it didn't happen. San Diego's boosters persuaded him, returned to San Diego, opened Caesar Cardini Cafe on the downtown front and B street ("Lobster's Telme Doll that only Caesar knows"). The store has been closed for less than a year and the Mafia threatened musicians and their families. Clement Monaco and Joe Ferralis have once again reported that Hotel Caesar is still open.

On September 18, 1936, the opening night of Caesar Caldini Cafe in San Diego. Photo, San Diego History Center.

After San Diego's café was closed, Caesar immediately concluded a partnership one after another to run the popular Taban Hashienda (jointly managed with Gaudenzio Cardini) and Cardiff's beacon in in 4 7-chome. Taburn Hashienda's contract ended up being upset by the landlord stopped electricity due to rent delinquency.

Cardif by the sea, Beacon in, California

In May 1938, Caesar Cardini's Beacon Inn.

In 1938, he opened his large home in Chura Vista for a private event and provided a 50 cent meal as Caesar Cardini Villa.

Caesar Caldini Villa, Churvista, California, 2016

Rosa Cardini, 1967

By the following year, Caesar gave up on San Diego, let his family go north to Los Angeles, and became the owner of the liquor import business in Monter Claire and the store. Camille managed an apartment house adjacent to their stores. Gaudenzio Cardini also joined them and was a waiter in Los Angeles.

Nero Cardini remained in San Diego. His family lived near the local cemetery in the Imperial Avenue, where he worked as a mason at Southern California Granite. The company was run by Dan Rossi, a suburb of Italy, as well as the Cardini family.

As her daughter Rosa recalls, Caesar has bottled her salad dressing recipes (he added pear vinegar) and sold it from the station wagon's bed.

Caesar ultimately decided to set up his own gourmet shop named Caesar Cardini Foods in La Sienega Bourvard. Old regular customers who remember him in the salad era visited Cardini. Some brought an empty bottle for dressing. When he was interviewed by Align Mosby in 1952, he made a harsh voice that his salad gained fame and many past partners and employees have stealed the credit of the invention. I raised it.

Pat di Chkko says he has invented it ... Paul's Duck Press Restaurant says he has started ... somewhere in the waiter chief. There is ... so everyone except me. " He did not mention his brother Alex.

Caesar credits patron and screenwriter Manny Wolf with popularizing the salad in Los Angeles. Wolf created the salad at the House of Murphy restaurant for manager Pat Di Cicco, who claimed it as his own. Wolf also took the recipe to Chasen's and the Brown Derby, which named it "Caesar's salad." Paul Maggiora, a former partner in the Cardini family, called it "romaine à la pole" on the menu. Peter Frigerio, Caesar's former partner, was head waiter at Henri Charpentier in Los Angeles and claimed to have invented the salad. Former employee Livio Santini claimed he invented the salad and that Caesar stole the recipe. In 1960, humorist George Leonard Herter dubiously attributed the salad to Italian-American chef Giacomo Jr., who was born in Chicago around 1903.

Caesar Cardini died in 1954. His daughter Rosa trademarked the name and eventually built a multi-million dollar salad dressing business. Rosa heavily promoted Caesar's version, which was repeated in the press and became the dressing's canon.

Her home-cooked version of the salad, promoted after Caesar's bottled dressing was commercialized, used shredded lettuce. Today's Caesar salad is served mixed in a bowl and with whole romaine hearts thrown in at the end. Original accounts tend to favor Alex's recipe, adding the lettuce first, then tossing in the dressing ingredients and tossing. A little detail, a little detail, I know...

After his time at Tehuacan, Alex ran a restaurant at the Hotel Palacio Tropical in Acapulco. In May 1954, he returned to Tijuana and ran the New Jai Alai Café at the Fronton Palacio. "Enjoy the finest French, Italian, Mexican and American cuisine," the ad read. And as always, his signature dish, "seasonal wild game," was included. In 1967, Alex appeared in a popular ad campaign for Braniff Airlines when they hired a celebrity chef ambassador to revamp their in-flight food service program. He remained in Mexico, and eventually ran several continental restaurants in Mexico City. His son, Alex Cardini II, took over Restaurante New Orleans in Mexico City, as did his grandson, Alex Cesar Cardini III. In the 70s and 80s, the restaurant was owned by the Miramontes family, with Raul Miramontes as manager. It closed for several years in the 1990s.

Menu at Caesar's Bar & Grill, Tijuana, 1970s.

Currently, Caesters Tifuana is run by Glupo Plus Sensia in an original hotel Caesar. The former Hotel Mercial has long been a pharmacy and a shop with the tropics bar.

Hotel Caesters Place Grand Open newspaper advertisement in 1931

Caesters Place (around 1923) Callejón del Travieso Tijuana, BC Mexico 22000

Caesers Place (around 1926-27) HOTEL AMERICANO / DOMINO 8121 CALLE BENITO JUárez 2nda Tijuana, BC, Mexico 22000

Hotel Caesters Place (around 1927-1934) 1059 AVENIDA REVOLUCIONA TIJUANA, BC, México 22000

Original Caesters Place (1934-1936) Hotel Comercial 804 Avenida Revolución Tijuana, BC, México 22000

Caesters Restaurant HOTEL CAESAR (1934- ✔) 1059 AVENIDA Revolución TIJUANA, BC, México 22000

Restaurante New Orleans Alex Cardini III (1972- ✔) 1655 AVENIDA REVOLUCION SAN NGEL, Mexico City, Mexico 01000

In the 1940s, Tiff Ana, Caesar's gold room. Pay attention to the central duck press and the salad cart on the right.

Quoted Martin S. Lindsay. Caesters Restaurant, Tiffana. Classic San Diego: Tasty Bits from The History of America's Finest City. Web.

Photos of Caesar Caldini, Paul Maggjola, Alex Cardini, Chibori Saloon, Hotel Caesthers Place, Paul and Alex are available from the Sandiero Historical Center. < SPAN> Caesers Tifuana is currently run by Glupo Plus Sensia in an original hotel Caesar. The former Hotel Mercial has long been a pharmacy and a shop with the tropics bar.< https://classicsandiego.com/restaurants/caesars-restaurant-tijuana/ >